Home Blog Page 69

FAE: Las argentinas vienen

0
fae
UNA, está basada en la novela Uno, ninguno y cien mil.

Confirmada participación de Argentina en el FAE 23

por Roberto Enrique King

El 12° Festival Internacional de Artes Escénicas (FAE Panamá 2023) presentará a partir del 15 de mayo una selección de lo mejor del teatro y la danza contemporánea del mundo durante una semana en nuestra ciudad, con espectáculos que ya se encuentran confirmados o en proceso de confirmación, como es el caso de la producción de Argentina, UNA, que pronto podremos apreciar acá luego de exitosa temporada en Buenos Aires, junto a otros montajes de Brasil, Colombia, Chile, España, México y Panamá, entre otros.

UNA, está basada en la novela Uno, ninguno y cien mil, sobre la descomposición de la personalidad, escrita por el Premio Nobel italiano Luigi Pirandello, es dirigida por el también italiano Giampaolo Sama y protagonizada por la muy destacada actriz argentina, Miriam Odorico, ampliamente reconocida en las tablas sureñas y que fuera aplaudida aquí en el FAE 2008 en la aclamada La omisión de la familia Coleman, de la compañía Timbre 4 y Claudio Tolcachir. La presentación aquí de esta notable obra se dará gracias a los auspicios de la Embajada de Italia en nuestro país.

Los boletos para disfrutar de esta gran fiesta escénica están disponibles desde ya en Tustiquetes.com, con una oferta muy especial llamada 2x1Misterioso, que da la oportunidad de asegurar entradas a dos obras internacionales por el precio de una, a ciegas, es decir, sin saber cuáles son, hasta que se anuncie la programación oficial completa. Para mayor información estar atentos a las redes sociales FAE Panama en Facebook, Twitter e Instagram y a la web www.faepanama.org El festival cuenta con los auspicios principales de MiCultura y el GECU de la Universidad de Panamá.

 

Contact us by email at / Contáctanos por correo electrónico a fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

 

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

Para defendernos de los piratas informáticos, los trolls organizados y otros actos de vandalismo en línea, la función de comentarios de nuestro sitio web está desactivada. En cambio, ven a nuestra página de Facebook para unirte a la discusión.
 

~ ~ ~

These announcements are interactive. Click on them for more information.
Estos anuncios son interactivos. Toque en ellos para seguir a las páginas de web.

 

Dinero
 

FB_2

 

CUCO

 

CIAM

 

Tweet

Smith, Finland in NATO: allies’ border with Russia doubles in length

0
Finns
Welcome to the club: Nato chief Jens Stoltenberg, right, with Finland’s president, Sauli Niinisto. AP Photo by Geert Vanden Wijngaert.

Finland in NATO a major blow to Putin

by Simon J Smith, Staffordshire University

In 1948, the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance was signed between the Soviet Union and Finland, providing a key basis for relations between the two states that was to last throughout the cold war. With memories of the 1939 “winter war” between the two still acute, the agreement embodied the Paasikivi–Kekkonen doctrine, named for two of Finland’s post-war presidents who developed the idea between 1946 and 1982 of a neutral Finland close to the USSR.

It also set the context for the term “Finlandization” used by international relations scholars to describe external interference by a powerful country in the foreign policy of a smaller neighboring state. A year later, on April 4 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty was signed by the 12 founding members of NATO.

Throughout the cold war, Finland remained a neutral state – although more due to circumstance than by choice. And despite its 1,340km (832 mile) border with Russia, it chose not to join NATO in the late 1990s, even as many of its eastern European neighbors did. It officially abandon its policy of neutrality in 1994, joining Nato’s Partnership for Peace and then the European Union in 1995. But aspirations to become a full NATO member state had not quite matured. That all ended with Russia’s second invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

Finland (and Sweden) submitted their formal applications to join the alliance on May 18 2022 and this was endorsed by NATO members at the most recent summit in Madrid in June.

Although accession to NATO membership was relatively quick, there were objections from some members, most notably Turkey and, to a lesser extent, Hungary. Turkey held up membership for Finland – and is still doing so for Sweden – due to its concerns over what it called support for terrorist groups, namely the Kurdistan Workers’ party (PKK). Hungary also raised objections due to what it regarded as criticism by the Nordic states with regard to the strength of Hungarian democracy. But NATO chief Jens Stoltenberg said recently he is confident that Sweden could become a member by summer.

View from Moscow

If Putin was hoping to achieve the Finlandization of NATO as one of his strategic aims of the war, what he has actually achieved was the “Natoization” of Finland since it has now become the alliance’s 31st member state. With this comes Article 5 guarantees – an attack on one member is an attack on the alliance as a whole and must be responded to as such. This fundamentally changes the defense and security posture of Finland, and European security architecture as a whole. Implications include the size and geographical focus of the alliance (even more so if Sweden joins in the not-too-distant future) as well as inter-organizational relations between NATO and the EU, the other key pillar of the European security architecture.

Map of Europe showing Finland and Russia.The addition of Finland as its 31st member effectively doubles the length of the border between NATO and Russia. buraktumler via Shutterstock

And Finland is not playing catch up in order to meet its NATO commitments. In fact, Finland will be a net contributor to the alliance’s overall collective defense. Over recent years, it has been modernizing its armed forces, purchasing robust military capabilities and, unlike the majority of member states, it meets the Nato target of 2% of GDP spent on its own defense.

Putin has, of course, issued warnings to Finland (and Sweden) about joining the alliance. In 2016, Putin stated that “When we look across the border now, we see a Finn on the other side. If Finland joins NATO, we will see an enemy.”

Although there have been mixed signals with regard to Russia’s views on the sovereign right of Finland to join a collective defense organization if it NATO chooses (although Russia does not extend this position to Ukraine itself), it is gravely concerned that N will position military capabilities in Finland, on its border – and close to Russia’s own strategically important bases and geography.

Although Russia is very much focused on correcting its strategic blunders in Ukraine, it will at some stage begin to recover and, therefore, reconstitute its armed forces and military posture. Of particular concern could be Russia’s increased dependency on its tactical nuclear posture to offset its (temporarily) decreased capacity with regard to conventional capabilities.

Although we do not know what the future holds, given both the duration and eventual outcome of the war, Russia will continue to have security concerns. And now it has a border with NATO that will run from the High North down to the Black Sea and beyond. This is guaranteed to lock in continued tensions between the alliance and Russia for years to come.

NATO fundamentally thinks of itself as a collective defense organization, with (nuclear) deterrence as its core strength. Russia will continue to see the alliance as a key stalwart undermining its threat perceptions and ability to affect its own near abroad. So as the Finnish flag is raised at NATO HQ in Brussels, it would be naive to think that Russia will not respond – even if its power to do so is currently somewhat diminished.The Conversation

Simon J Smith, Associate Professor of Security and International Relations, Staffordshire University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Holy Week water protests / Protestas de Semana Santa por el agua

0
a SUNTRACS pic
Protesters block the Pan-American Highway in Panama Oeste over prolonged and frequents water outages in many parts of La Chorrera and Arraijan. Photo from the SUNTRACS Twitter feed.
Manifestantes bloquean la Carretera Panamericana en Panamá Oeste por prolongados y frecuentes cortes de agua en muchas partes de La Chorrera y Arraiján. Foto de la cuenta de Twitter de SUNTRACS.

Residents block Holy Week traffic, ACP steps in to inflame the situation
Residentes bloquean el tráfico de Semana Santa, interviene la ACP para inflamar

by / por Eric Jackson

The end of dry season is often a time for water problems in Panama’s Dry Arc, and this is one of those times. This has been a special problem in the working class residential tracts of Panama Oeste, which over many years were allowed to be built without regard to such basic things as utility services. So this Holy Week Panama finds its main drag blocked by Chorrera and Arraijan residents who are without water. The roadblock protest is a normal if annoying part of Panamanian political culture — but try to explain that to a driver waiting out a three-hour delay going from Panama City to Coronado, for example.

~ ~

El final de la estación seca es a menudo un momento de problemas de agua en el Arco Seco de Panamá, y este es uno de esos momentos. Este ha sido un problema especial en las zonas residenciales de clase trabajadora de Panamá Oeste, a las que durante muchos años se les permitió construir sin tener en cuenta cosas tan básicas como los servicios públicos. Así que esta Semana Santa Panamá encuentra su calle principal bloqueada por gente de La Chorrera y Arraiján quienes se encuentran sin agua. La protesta de bloqueo de carreteras es una parte normal, aunque molesta, de la cultura política panameña, pero trata de explicárselo a un conductor que espera un retraso de tres horas al ir de la ciudad de Panamá a Coronado, por ejemplo.

And then… / Y entonces… 

The Panama Canal Authority (ACP), which was given expanded power over Panamanian water policy during the Martinelli administration, issued an April 3 press release with news that their main brains may have thought would reassure the protesters. Relief is on the way, people were told — IN ABOUT FOUR YEARS.

The residents are not amused. We shall see how the protests and the interventions of the riot squad progress over the next few days.

~ ~

La Autoridad del Canal de Panamá (ACP), a la que se le otorgó mayor poder sobre la política de aguas panameñas durante la administración de Martinelli, emitió un comunicado de prensa el 3 de abril con noticias que sus principales cerebros podrían haber pensado que tranquilizarían a los manifestantes. El alivio está en camino, se le dijo a la gente — EN UNOS CUATRO AÑOS.

Los moedores no se divierten. Veremos cómo evolucionan las protestas y las intervenciones antidisturbios en los próximos días.

2
Foto de la cuenta de Twitter de SUNTRACS.
 

Contact us by email at / Contáctanos por correo electrónico a fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

 

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

Para defendernos de los piratas informáticos, los trolls organizados y otros actos de vandalismo en línea, la función de comentarios de nuestro sitio web está desactivada. En cambio, ven a nuestra página de Facebook para unirte a la discusión.  

~ ~ ~
These announcements are interactive. Click on them for more information. Estos anuncios son interactivos. Toque en ellos para seguir a las páginas de web.
 

22ENGdonateBUTTONCIAM

 

Tweet

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 

FB CCL

 

$$

 
PDC
 
Dinero

Next wave of anti-gun school protests is building

0
Nashville
Student activists rally for gun control outside the Tennessee State Capitol on April 3, 2023. Photo by Carwil Bjork-James.
One organizer said that if Tennessee lawmakers “actually cared about protecting kids” they would “address what kills kids every single day” instead of banning books and drag shows.

Nashville students rally for gun control
ahead of April 5 nationwide walkout

by Brett Wikins — Common Dreams

A week after six people including three 9-year-old children were shot dead in a Nashville elementary school and two days before planned nationwide protests, thousands of students walked out of classrooms across the Tennesee capital on Monday to demand gun control laws.

The advocacy group March for Our Lives (MFOL)—founded after the 2018 Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School massacre in Parkland, Florida—organized Monday’s protest to urge state lawmakers pass gun control legislation including better background checks and a ban assault weapons.

“The purpose of the rally is to show that the community has had enough and we are demanding change from the Tennessee Legislature,” MFOL national organizer Ezri Tyler explained to WKRN.

“The message overall is we know that right now, Tennessee is engaging in this culture war, where they’re harming our communities by banning drag, by banning books, banning gender-affirming care,” Tyler added. “But if they actually cared about protecting kids, as they claimed they would address what kills every single day, which is guns.”

Gun violence is the leading cause of death for US children.

MFOL organizer Brynn Jones toldWKRN that “it hits closer and closer, the longer and longer that you’re, you know, hearing these stories just being like that it’s the same story over and over again.

“But then hearing it on Monday that it was in Tennessee, it was in Nashville, 20 minutes from where I grew up, 20 minutes from where I go to school, hit incredibly close to home and felt personal in a way that it usually doesn’t,” Jones added.

Thousands of students marched to Legislative Plaza near the Tennessee State Capitol chanting “stop gun violence, we will not be silenced” and other slogans. Video recorded inside the Capitol showed demonstrators confronting state Rep. William Lamberth (R-44) and asking him why lawmakers won’t “ban assault rifles.”

The LGBTQ+ advocacy group GLAAD tweeted: “It’s not drag queens. It’s not books. Children are dying because of guns. GLAAD stands with all of the students during today’s walkout at the Tennessee State Capitol. Ban assault weapons—not drag performers, books, or lifesaving care for trans people.”

However, Tennessee’s Republican-controlled Legislature and GOP Gov. Bill Lee have gone in the opposite direction.

As The Associated Press reports:

Already this year, Republican lawmakers have introduced bills that would make it easier to arm teachers and allow college students to carry weapons on campus. Democratic-led efforts to strengthen gun safety measures have faltered. On Tuesday, lawmakers delayed taking up any of the contentious gun-related bills, saying they wanted to offer respect to the community.

The most significant movement involves the state’s permitless carry law. In 2021, Lee led the charge to allow most adults 21 and older to carry handguns without first obtaining a permit that requires clearing a state background check and training. Thereafter, gun manufacturer Smith & Wesson announced plans to relocate its headquarters to Tennessee due to the state’s “support for the 2nd Amendment.”

Students Demand Action continued:

School shootings like this are not acts of nature—no other peer nation allows students to be shot and killed in schools like this. And it’s not just gun violence in our schools. In America and in Tennessee, guns are the number one killer of American youth, and Tennessee lawmakers have done nothing but gut gun safety laws, putting gun industry profits ahead of the safety of our children.

“We won’t accept a country where gunfire can ring out at any moment, whether it’s while grocery shopping at a supermarket, hanging out at a park in your community, attending a party, or going to a restaurant for dinner,” Students Demand Action added. “We deserve more.”

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Editorials: Reject the copper mine contract; and Let established processes work

0
the mine
The Landsat view of that gash in the land that is the copper mine, which under the proposed new contract may be all that’s available. Google claims a copyright to this image — to which their work contributed — but it’s derived from a US Geological Survey satellite photo, which should be in the public domain. The Panama News editing also contributed to this image.

Reject the copper mine deal

A spinoff from a gold mine scam was sold to foreigners who cheated Panama in a big way. Then the high court ruled that the original concession was so outrageous as to be unconstitutional. THEN the Cortizo administration negotiated a new contract with the spinoff that’s far worse than the one that the court voided.

Not only does the new contract expand the part of Panama that can be strip mined, but it also cedes to a multinational company elements of national sovereignty. Perhaps the worst of these is control over part of the national airspace, so that nobody without a satellite can look down to see and document what environmental devastation might be ongoing.

It would have to be approved by the National Assembly, so we are likely to see a showdown that could either split or assign to permanent irrelevance the president’s party ahead of the 2024 elections.

Do we have a cross-party majority of the “What’s in it for me?” faction of the legislature? Yes, there will surely be blandishments offered, but the question would not solely be answered in light of those. “What’s in it” could be made to be the ends of legislators’ political careers, both inside and outside of the PRD.

The Panamanian voters need to let the legislators know in advance of the vote on that contract that if they vote to approve such a toxic deal, they will lose their power and their reputations.

  

2
An FBI poster released shortly after the January 6, 2021 US Capitol riot. Not everyone about whom information was sought has been convicted of a crime – some probably did nothing illegal, some probably did but it could not be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, some the FBI may have wanted to talk with merely in order to gather information about other people’s offenses. Remember, in the US system a person is supposed to be presumed innocent unless found guilty, and what the courts find is frequently enough erroneous.

If Trump’s people go nuts this week

It would be about one of the former president’s lesser offenses, falsifying business records to conceal a violation of campaign finance laws, that is to hide the payment of hush money to a prostitute in order to advance his 2016 presidential campaign. So it is alleged.

There are other matters in various stages of development. Like allegedly browbeating Georgia officials in an attempt to get them to falsify vote records. Like a slew of possible offenses in the handling of public documents after his presidency, many of these papers being classified as government secrets. Like allegedly inciting violence to prevent the orderly transition of power in light of the 2020 US presidential election results.

The United States has law enforcement agencies and officers, courts with judges, military forces that will remain loyal to the republic – and above all LAWS – to deal with whatever disruptions or attempted disruptions might come up this Holy Week or thereafter. America – both in the narrow gringo sense and across the Western Hemisphere, where plenty of expatriated US citizens live – is not disposed to be intimidated by thugs.

And US jurisprudence? It’s beset by many maladies these days, but one of its still common features is the judicial tendency to treat the betrayal of public duties by those sworn to uphold the constitution and laws more harshly than it treats similar crimes by civilians who have not taken on such duties.

Calm down, everybody. Let the court procedures, and the democratic electoral processes, try to sort things out before getting all bent out of shape.

 

3
Zora Neale Hurston portrait by Carl Van Vechten made in 1934. Photo from the Yale Library Archives.

Love makes your soul crawl out from its hiding place.

Zora Neale Hurston

Bear in mind…

I shall never be ashamed of citing a bad author if the line is good.

Seneca

Ambition often puts men upon doing the meanest offices; so climbing is performed in the same posture with creeping.

Jonathan Swift

The least I can do is speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves.

Jane Goodall

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Polo Ciudadano, ¡Maribel Gordón a la Presidencia!

0
Polo

 

Contact us by email at / Contáctanos por correo electrónico a fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

 

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

Para defendernos de los piratas informáticos, los trolls organizados y otros actos de vandalismo en línea, la función de comentarios de nuestro sitio web está desactivada. En cambio, ven a nuestra página de Facebook para unirte a la discusión.
 

~ ~ ~

These announcements are interactive. Click on them for more information.
Estos anuncios son interactivos. Toque en ellos para seguir a las páginas de web.

 

Dinero
 

FB_2

 

CUCO

 

CIAM

 

Tweet

Jackson: Cops, robbers and guns shown in police graphics

0
bang
This past week the police put on a gun destruction show in which more than 1,300 firearms were destroyed. They do this from time to time. Most of the weapons they destroy are pistols that could be legal with the right papers for the person with the right permit. Policia Nacional photo.

Yes, we do have this crime wave

by Eric Jackson, illustrated by police photos

 

Got her! These two maleantes followed a woman from a bank in Chanis to her home, at the door of which they robbed her. Still from a Policia Nacional video. Some of the video stills may have enough detail to identify the guys’ faces, so their escape on foot — to an awaiting getaway car, or to pass off to a third person on foot, perhaps? — may just be a temporary victory for them. The police are telling people not to obtain and carry guns, but to beware of being followed away from banks or ATM machines.

Yeah, yeah. We will have somebody, very likely a gringo — less likely a gringa — who will blame the woman for not having had a gun in her purse to whip out and shoot the two men who robbed her. I can just hear their “brave” second-guessing and boasts about their arsenals. “If some guy….”

Wait a minute. Reality check time!

  • “Some guy,” singular? The thugs here, particularly those engaged in violent economic crimes, usually don’t work alone. So maybe she’d need an automatic or semi-automatic weapon when outnumbered and taken by suprise, the big strong armed citizens might say?
  • The law here is not like those of Florida or Israeli occupation forces in the Palestinian lands. You don’t get to shoot someone if they make you “feel threatened.” “Stand your ground and shoot, particularly if they are of another race” is not a principle that keeps you out of prison if you shoot another person here. Plus you for the most part don’t get to use deadly force to stop an economic crime.

So are the cops for the robbers? Not to be completely ruled out, as scandals over the years indicate. However, the odds of it are low. Penny ante lawbreakers like these don’t have the money to buy off those law enforcers who are willing to sell out. Drug cartels or corrupt politicians are so very much better at buying the help of the unethical ones among the police.

Remember that the police and the thugs here were very often raised in the same downscale economic conditions. As kids the officers would almost surely have known people who grew up to be offenders, and the offenders would probably have grown up with people who went on to become officers. The badge may create new social relationships, but it won’t erase social memories that are bound to inform perceptions and opinions.

In law enforcement as in journalism, “purely objective” is a myth. People have points of view created by their circumstances and when trying to be fair folks have to acknowledge such things yet summon up the empathy to be able to understand the viewpoints of people unlike themselves. 

The police are going to be wary of stating their opinions to journalists or to the general public. There is a constitutional provision against police officers making political declarations or touching on sensitive matters that implicate public policy decisions.

Some people in the ranks, and some subjects, will have just a bit of immunity as a practical matter. The police force’s party line about drugs is that they are bad and so are the people who use them, who will be treated as scum. The police force’s party line about guns is that whatever the laws say, they will enforce them. National Police chief John Dornheim may go into further detail about those things than that, but to the extent that he does he has to be wary of some of the troubles of his predecessors for making controversial declarations about such things.

However, from director and commissioners down to corporals and rookie officers, Panama’s police officers will be exposed to the reality of guns.

The gun acquired for self-protection in a rough neighborhood or for a job carrying a lot of money — but then its owner self-destructing with it. The statistics kept here are not as detailed as in the USA and the culture may be a bit different, but a great part of the death toll by way of firearms here will be suicides. As the person who has to investigate and write up the report, or the one who has to clean up the mess, a responder may ponder whether it’s just a personal decision rather than a public health issue, or whether the morality of it is just a matter of religious preference. Ah, but these people have a constitutional dodge around talking about such things. The rules say no public declarations.

And the detective who specializes in investigating domestic violence cases? Surely she or he would know about the complications that a gun in the house so often introduces into these messy issues.

Then there is the workplace safety issue. Nobody on the police force wants to be shot to death, no matter the point of view of the shooter.

So actually, collectively, and if there is skeptical dissent those afflicted by it tend to keep it to themselves, the police DO make their public statements about guns. They do it in their trophy videos of people they arrest for weapons offenses. They do it at their periodic gun destruction events.

Most of us, citizens and foreign residents alike, can live with that.

To be cut up into scrap metal.

 

gun bust
A gun bust in Changuinola.

 

Leave it to cops and courts to debate whether this is a “weapon of war.” The Panamanian Constitution says: “ARTICLE 312. Only the Government may possess arms and elements of war. For their manufacture, importation and exportation, prior permission of the Executive shall be required. The Law shall define the weapons which are not to be considered as weapons of war and shall regulate their importation, manufacture and use.”

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Casarões, Lula’s foreign policy

0
WH photo
Lula and Joe. White House photo by Ricardo Stuckert.

Lula and the world: what to expect from Brazil’s new foreign policy

by Guilherme Casarões, São Paulo School of Business Administration (FGV/EAESP)

Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was scheduled to visit his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping at the end of March. Beijing would have been Lula’s fourth international destination in less than 100 days in office.

Lula had to cancel his trip, which was set to include 200 business people, after catching pneumonia. His administration had hoped the China visit would alleviate political pressure at home.

Since returning to the presidency (his previous term was 2003-2010), Lula has already been to visit partners in the South American trade bloc Mercosur, Argentina and Uruguay, and recently flew to Washington DC for conversations with US president Joe Biden and members of the Democratic party over infrastructure investments, trade and climate change.

Globetrotting seems like quite an effort for a 77-year-old, third-term president who faces a deeply divided society. But Lula does it with a smile on his face. Since he first took office 20 years ago, the former metalworker has risen to the challenge of international diplomacy as a natural negotiator with political charm.

Building political legitimacy

As Lula kicks off his third term, foreign policy will be a tool for building his own domestic political legitimacy. His reputation currently appears to be greater abroad than at home.

Always a determined player on the international stage, Lula’s administration spearheaded the construction of Unasur, a South American organization set up to offset US economic and political power in the region. He also forged several alliances in the developing world.

Although Lula left office in 2010 with an impressive 83% approval rating, much of his political capital waned in the years that followed. This was largely thanks to his successor Dilma Rousseff’s pitiful economic performance and to the mounting accusations of graft against top figures in his Workers’ party.

But despite being indicted and imprisoned for corruption in early 2018 (at which point his domestic popularity plummeted), the admiration of foreign figures has endured. Some even visited Lula in prison, protesting what they called political persecution of the former president.

So, at the age of 77 – and with health problems – a big diplomatic play might be his best bet of leaving a presidential legacy.

Challenges of a new world order

But Brazil’s capacity as a meaningful international player will depend on the administration’s ability to navigate a world that is fundamentally different from the one of the early 2000s.

The country is not in its best shape, either. In the years following Lula’s first two terms, Brazil went through a decade of decline, introspection and isolation.

Much of this is down to his immediate predecessor, Jair Bolsonaro. On Bolsonaro’s watch, Brazil ranked second, at 700,000 recorded deaths, in total COVID fatalities. Massive areas of rainforest were burned, and the lands of the Yanomami indigenous people were devastated by large amounts of mining.

So, while Lula must capitalize on any residual international popularity to relaunch Brazil as a global player, he has a lot to do to restore his own country’s economy and to heal the wounds of a divided society.

Lula’s first task internationally – a tough challenge – is to strike a balance in his relationships with Washington and Beijing, Brazil’s two foremost partners. So far, his new administration’s even-handed strategy has worked fine. But if tensions between Joe Biden and Xi Jinping lead to further political instability – or if a Republican with a zero-sum approach to China gets elected in 2024, Brazil could find itself in a difficult position.

Lula has attempted to anticipate these problems by offering to broker peace between Russia and Ukraine. It was a way to dodge criticism by western powers, who wanted Brazil to engage in military assistance to the Ukrainian government – while still preserving Brazil’s longstanding ties with Russia.

Lula’s take on the war is part of what researchers have dubbed “active non-alignment”. It is part of a broader Latin American strategy to safeguard policy space and instruments for national development strategies in an increasingly polarized international order. By offering itself as a high-profile mediator, Brazil wants to maintain trade and cooperation with all sides in the conflict.

Lula’s balancing trick

But Russian-Ukrainian peace appears to be a long way off – and it will hardly come via mediators from the developing world. If Lula wants to create a legacy, he needs to build on Brazil’s preexisting capacity, in both multilateral and regional terms.

One possible way is to restore Brazil’s activism at the United Nations. He must also reestablish cooperation in issues as diverse as climate change, biodiversity, indigenous rights, vaccines, food security and development.

Another way is to rebuild South American integration. Regional organizations such as Mercosur and Unasur could help bolster global supply chains in critical sectors like energy and food that have been disrupted by the war in Ukraine. To do so, Brazil must reclaim its role as the continent’s center of economic gravity.

But there is an obstacle: Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro. A persistent political, economic and humanitarian crisis in Venezuela has exposed the dangers of left-wing authoritarianism. Lula is one of the few leaders who have open channels with Maduro and may be able to help the country work towards a national reconciliation.

The question is whether Lula wants to get involved. Unlike left-wing leaders who recently rose to power in Chile and Colombia, Lula and the Workers’ party have been unapologetically sympathetic towards dictators such as Venezuela’s Maduro and Nicaragua’s Daniel Ortega.

Overcoming the Brazilian left’s outdated views on authoritarian socialism and anti-imperialism may be as daunting a challenge for the Lula administration as leaving a sound diplomatic legacy. But both steps are necessary if Lula really wants to make a difference in the region – and the world.The Conversation

Guilherme Casarões, Professor of Political Science, São Paulo School of Business Administration (FGV/EAESP)

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Neher, Caterina di Meo Lippi — Leonardo’s mom?

0
da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci’s mother
might have been a slave

by Gabriele Neher, University of Nottingham

A recently discovered note, drawn up by Leonardo da Vinci’s father, Piero, in November 1452, shows that he emancipated an enslaved woman named Caterina.

The scholar who found the document (Carlo Vecce, a professor of Italian literature) has suggested that she was Leonardo’s mother.

The claim was announced to coincide with the publication of Vecce’s novel Il Sorriso di Caterina (Caterina’s Smile) – a fictional account of the life of da Vinci’s mother. Vecce’s novel weaves together the few facts scholars agree on: that da Vinci was the illegitimate child of his father and a lower status woman and that his mother was called Caterina.

Scholars agree on these facts because of another archival discovery made by leading Leonardo da Vinci scholar Martin Kemp in 2016.

Kemp identified a 1457 tax return filed by Leonardo’s grandfather, Antonio da Vinci, who listed his family members, including Piero da Vinci’s illegitimate son, “born of him and Caterina”. That document led Kemp to identify da Vinci’s mother as 15-year-old orphan, Caterina di Meo Lippi.

These two archival finds – Piero da Vinci’s emancipation of Caterina, and Antonio da Vinci’s tax return – mean that Vecce and Kemp agree on da Vinci’s mother’s social background. This is an important part of his life story.

Madonna of the Carnation by Leonardo da Vinci (c. 1472–1478). Alte Pinakothek

Had da Vinci been a legitimate son, his professional career would have followed that of his father, who was a notary (a legal professional who authenticates and witnesses legal documents).

Da Vinci was recognized as his father’s son and lived with his grandfather, but as an illegitimate child, his professional career and training had to lie elsewhere. Instead of pursuing a legal career, da Vinci was apprenticed to Andrea del Verrochio, a goldsmith and painter. The rest, as they say, is history.

Slavery in Renaissance Europe

Slavery was an intrinsic part of the social structure of Renaissance Europe and was well documented in legal records. Much recent scholarship has focused on gaining a better understanding of what being “enslaved” meant and who these slaves may have been.

The newly discovered document demonstrates how common enslavement was in Renaissance Europe and how far down the social scale it reached. Piero da Vinci – who was reasonably well off but by no means top of the social order – both owned an enslaved woman (Caterina) and could afford to emancipate her.

A stone house with courtyard photographed on a sunny day.The possible birthplace and childhood home of Leonardo in Anchiano, Vinci, Italy. Photo by Roland Arhelger

Piero followed contemporary social conventions in adding a Circassian slave to his household. Circassian slaves came from the northwest Caucasus and the women were celebrated for their beauty.

Many Circassians were Muslim and the name “Caterina” was commonly assigned on conversion to Christianity. Caterina refers to St Catherine of Alexandria, a Roman convert who became a martyr, so the name both referenced this act of conversion and an example of devoted service for the newly converted’s emulation.

Emancipation of slaves was a social expectation of Christian charity and often occurred when the owner drew up their will, or when a slave had “proven” their service. This could relate to their length of service or – likely in Caterina’s case – the birth of a son. These people often disappeared from the records after their emancipation.

In Caterina’s case, Kemp suggests she was provided with a small dowry to enable a modest marriage. It is certainly possible that Caterina’s emancipation followed the birth of her son, Leonardo, but the archives give us no more answers. There is likely no way of telling what Caterina’s fate was and Vecce’s fictional account is as good a reconstruction as any.

St. Catherine of Alexandria as painted by Caravaggio (1598). Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza.

Vecce’s document also raises questions about what is meant by the word “slavery” within the context of Renaissance Europe. Slavery, in the most generic sense of the word, means the ownership of a person by someone else, including ownership over their body and labour.

An enslaved person like Caterina was considered very valuable in Renaissance Europe. Adding a slave to his household staff acted as a status marker for Piero da Vinci. His ownership of a Circassian slave showed that he had economically and professionally made it.

Furthermore, Piero’s subsequent emancipation of his slave allowed him to demonstrate his supposed Christian compassion in freeing her, and again demonstrated his economic affluence in being able to lose her (free) labour.

A Renaissance slave was the “most unfree” of a Renaissance household’s servants, but ultimately, every one of Piero da Vinci’s servants was bonded and unfree in one way or another.

Enslaved people in Renaissance Europe were not considered a distinct group but belonged within the wider social context of serfdom and servitude. What set them apart was their fixed market value and that they could, by law, be sold and (re)sold unless emancipated – which led them to be seen as luxury possessions.

So, does Vecce’s document change our understanding of da Vinci’s life and work? Not in the slightest. What it does do, however, is shed light on just how far enslavement reached into the households of Renaissance Europe.The Conversation

Gabriele Neher, Associate Professor in History of Art, University of Nottingham

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC

Koehler, Reason? For something senseless?

0
half staff
  From wars abroad to massacres at home, dehumanization makes so much   that is hideous possible!

No motive needed when dehumanization reigns

by Robert Koehler – Common Dreams

“Chief Drake said it was too early to discuss a possible motive for the shooting, though he confirmed that the attack was targeted. The authorities were reviewing writings, and had made contact with the shooter’s father. . . .”

Yeah, they’ll figure it out.

The latest mass shooting: Six people dead, including three 9-year-old children, at the Covenant School in Nashville, Tennessee. The alleged shooter, age 28 – a former student at Covenant – stomped into the school on March 27 carrying (God bless America) two semi-automatic rifles and a handgun. He/she, apparently transgender, was eventually shot dead by police.

In other news . . .

Excuse me. Let’s sit with the insanity for a moment, shall we? This isn’t a reality TV show. And the killer’s “motive”? Somehow that matters? Will a precise analysis let the authorities stop the next similarly motivated individual before he opens fire? I fear, oh so deeply, that that’s not even the point. Mass murder is simply part of the Great American Shrug. We’re an exceptional nation, the world’s greatest democracy and greatest hope, and the darn killings . . . well, nobody’s perfect. And after all, it’s not guns that kill people, People – especially if they’re mentally ill – kill people.

But as I sit with this latest horror – according to the Gun Violence Archive, there have been 130 mass shootings in the United States so far this year (defined as at least four people being killed or injured) – I can only do one thing: Stretch the outrage.

Stretch it beyond Covenant School. Stretch it beyond Nashville. Beyond assault weapons. Beyond politics. There’s a deep interplay with hell in the American social structure; in the global social structure. Gun control, however sensible and sane, won’t transcend it. Mass murder emerges from an unexamined, unaddressed dark spot in the collective human consciousness. It can be described in one word: dehumanization.

This is not simply a loner’s psychological flaw: the denial of full, or any, humanity – any spiritual value – to chosen others. It’s a phenomenon embedded in the social norm. We have enemies. We need them. We kill them.

We go to war!

“Wearing camouflage pants, a black vest and a backward red baseball cap, the assailant walks through rooms and hallways with a weapon drawn.”

The killer, whatever his specific “motive,” was playing war. He had, in his mind and heart, dehumanized the occupants of Covenant School. This is the game the nations of the world – in particular, “USA! USA!” – play with one another on a regular basis. Mass shootings? They’re everywhere. When we (the good guys with guns) wage war, we have no choice. When noncombatants – let’s say, oh, a bunch of nine-year-old children – die, they magically morph into collateral damage.

The phenomenon of war is collectively glorified. It’s horrific consequences are either justified or ignored, unless the enemy does it. And it so happened, as I was absorbing the news about the Nashville shooting, this was also in the news:

“Russian President Vladimir Putin,” according to the Associated Press, “announced plans on Saturday to station tactical nuclear weapons in neighboring Belarus, a warning to the West as it steps up military support for Ukraine.

“Putin said the move was triggered by Britain’s decision this past week to provide Ukraine with armor-piercing rounds containing depleted uranium.”

Tactical nukes! The King of Evil has clicked the doomsday clock several notches forward. A world on the brink of nuclear war? There’s no context the media can put this in, though it tosses in Putin’s justification for playing nuclear brinksmanship: the Brits are giving Ukraine armor-piercing weaponry. While of course this doesn’t justify Putin’s madness, let’s be clear: Both sides are insane. Dehumanization creates nothing but more of the same.

Depleted uranium, stronger than steel, is dirty as hell. The U.S. used it in Iraq, with, of course, zero accountability. In its two catastrophic invasions of Fallujah in 2004, for instance, the use of DU and white phosphorous left an aftermath of cancer and birth defects of virtually unimaginable magnitude. For instance, cancer cases in Iraq rose from an average of 40 per 100,000 people in 1991, to 1,600 per 100,000 people by 2005, according to Al-Jazeera.

And, my God: “Doctors in Fallujah are continuing to witness the aforementioned steep rise in severe congenital birth defects, including children being born with two heads, children born with only one eye, multiple tumors, disfiguring facial and body deformities, and complex nervous system problems.

“. . . many families are too scared to have children, as an alarming number of women are experiencing consecutive miscarriages and deaths with critically deformed and ill newborns.”

Dehumanization makes so much possible! A lonely, troubled soul committing a mass murder is just the least of it. I don’t know about you, but I see a direct link between such acts and the wars that nations wage against each other, generating consequences – actual and potential – a million, perhaps a billion, times the costs borne this week at Covenant School.

Robert Koehler is an award-winning, Chicago-based journalist and syndicated writer.

 

Contact us by email at fund4thepanamanews@gmail.com

To fend off hackers, organized trolls and other online vandalism, our website comments feature is switched off. Instead, come to our Facebook page to join in the discussion.

These links are interactive — click on the boxes

NanceTweet

 

VFA_4

 

FB_2

 

Tweet

 
PDC